Resources
Geological structure. Engineering-geological conditions.
In tectonic terms, the Osipovichi region is confined to the southern part of the Central Berezina Plain.
Under Anthropogenic deposits, rocks of the Upper Jurassic and Tertiary period occur everywhere. The composition of the underlying rocks is due to the impact of the Sozh glacier.
From the surface, rocks of the Sozh horizon occur, which are represented by fluvioglacial supra-moraine deposits, which are represented by fine gray sand, as well as yellow-gray moraine cohesive loam. They occur from the surface or under the soil and vegetation soil, their thickness is up to 2 m;
The rocks of the Tertiary system lie below the Sozh. They are represented by loose loams, cohesive and moraine clays. They are found from a depth of 7.0 - 9.0 m in the southeastern part of the region and up to 12 m or more in the north. Drilled wells did not penetrate these deposits.
Groundwater resources
Aquifers are able to meet the needs of the area in fresh groundwater, both at the moment and for future development:
- top water in fluvioglacial sand on the roof of moraine deposits (depth 0.4-0.5 m, absolute marks 160.05-160.55 m);
- sporadic waters (depth 6.2 m) - in thin layers of sand in moraine soil (absolute mark 141.99 m);
- groundwater in Cretaceous deposits, confined to interlayers of coarse sand and micro- and macrocracks, is opened at a depth of 10.5 - 11.5 m. They have a head of 5.5 - 7.5 m. The piezometric level is set at absolute levels of 155 95 - 164.09 m.
The piezometric level is set at absolute levels of 155.95 - 164.09 m.
Surface water resources
Osipovichi district belongs to the Verkhnedneprovsky hydrological region, according to the hydrological zoning of the Republic of Belarus and has a fairly dense hydrographic network.
The main river, the Berezina, flows in the eastern part of the region from north to south. The Svisloch river crosses the district from northwest to southeast, the Ptich river flows in the west and southwest of the district. In total, 15 small rivers and streams flow through the district. There is an extensive network of reclamation canals.
There are 10 reservoirs on the territory of the district, of which 4 are natural lakes. Wild, oz. Terrible, oz. Silent, oz. Lochinskoye and 6 artificial ones, the largest of which is the Osipovichskoye reservoir, located in the floodplain of the Svisloch River from the village of Lapichi to the village of Vyazye. There are many non-isolated oxbow lakes, the largest of which are located on the river. Berezina - "Priterpsky old man" and "Lavazhi".
Relief and geomorphological features
The area is located within the subhorizontal surface of the moraine plain of the Sozh glaciation. The relief is predominantly gently undulating with a general slope in an easterly direction towards the valley of the river. Svisloch. The surface has a plateau-like character with a small number of isometric or elongated positive and negative forms. Among the positive landforms, low hills predominate. In general, open landforms predominate in the region.
Soils
Various soil-forming processes developed in the region, as a result of which sod-podzolic, sod-bog soils with varying degrees of severity of the swamp process were formed:
- soddy-podzolic automorphic on moraine sandy loams underlain by moraine loams or sands;
- soddy-podzolic gleyic and gleyic on moraine and water-glacial loams and sandy loams;
- sod gley and gley on loam, sandy loam and sand.
Minerals
On the territory of the Osipovichi district there are deposits of common minerals - peat, sands, clays, underground waters and mineral waters. Peat deposits are located in the southern and southwestern parts of the Osipovichi region. A well-known mineral water deposit is located in the village of Svisloch in the use of the PUE "Children's Sanatorium" Svisloch ".
Vegetable world
The territory of the Osipovichi district belongs to the southern part of the taiga forest zone; mixed forests grow on the territory of the district, occupying about 55% of the territory. The forest vegetation of the Osipovichi district is distributed depending on the quality of the soils on which it grows. On the richest forest soils, represented by moderately and excessively moist loamy and sandy soils, soft-leaved tree species are represented - aspen, birch, black alder. Hornbeam grows on rich soils south of Grodzyanka village on moderately moist loamy soils. Coniferous species grow on poorer soils - pine, spruce. The most common types of forests are pine green moss-blueberry forests in combination with dwarf shrub-long moss forests and warty-birch green moss-bilberry forests in combination with dwarf shrub-long-moss forests. In the floodplains of the Svisloch and Berezina rivers, hardwood species grow - oak and ash.
